Figure 4

Maximum likelihood tree of cinnamoyl-CoA reductase (CCR) enzyme from the p -coumaryl alcohol biosynthesis pathway. Amino acid sequences were aligned with MUSCLE and the tree compiled using RaxML. Numbers above branches refer to bootstrap values above 50%. 3-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, a CCR homolog [63], was used as the outgroup. The various classes of CCR are shown based on previous research including bona fide CCR compared to CCR or CCR-like genes. In addition, genes showing high similarity to dihydroflavonol reductase (DFR) genes were included [19,45]. Gene names are included next to taxa when function could be predicted. * indicates that the enzyme has been biochemically characterized in this organism [30,69,70].