Figure 11

Redrawings of some examples of transport across membranes in the 1950’s and 1960’s. A. Eccles depicts in 1963 the coupling between a metabolic-driven ion pump and several different channels [165]. B. Burgen suggests in 1957 that molecules cross pores thanks to specific and dynamic interactions with them [166]. C. Mitchell describes in 1957 an enzymatic-like protein transporter embedded in the membrane [167]. D. Mitchell’s chemiosmotic hypothesis in 1961 is based in the existence of structures embedded in the biological membranes [168]. E. From an early date, Danielli and collaborators considered the possibility that channels may have existed within their paucimolecular hypothesis (redrawn from [169]). F. Danielli’s summary of different transporter models in 1954 (redrawn from [134]).