Amino acid fermentation at the origin of the genetic code

Biology Direct

Table 4 Evolved proto-codes, sub-optimal solution

Amino Acid	# anticodons (SE)	G+U content (SE)	p*	p⁺
Alanine	4.67 (1.15)	1.93 (0.84)	0.18	0.12
Glycine	15.0 (3.61)	1.36 (0.69)	0.55	0.65
Aspartic Acid	3.67 (6.35)	1.00 (0.60)	0.23	0.24
Valine	2.33 (0.58)	2.00 (0.33)	0.13	0.14
Leucine	14.70 (1.15)	1.36 (0.56)	0.17	0.21
Glutamic acid	2.33 (0.577)	1.71 (1.57)	0.45	0.34
Serine	3.00 (1.00)	2.11 (0.61)	0.18	0.10
Isoleucine	2.33 (0.577)	2.29 (0.24)	0.02	0.03
Proline	11.30 (9.87)	1.35 (0.72)	0.39	0.77
Threonine	4.67 (4.62)	1.57 (1.03)	1.00	0.55

Outcomes of selection on the fermentation yield of proto-codes randomly initiated with equal probabilities of glycine and alanine. The results are from the 3 sub-optimal codes (see Figure 10). * Significance p value for a sign test; ⁺ significance p value for a χ² test. Otherwise as in Tables 2 and 3.

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