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Table 1 The biosynthetic pathways that transform one amino acid into another when the transformation takes place on tRNAs and their phylogenetic distribution. See Sheppard et al [53] for further information.

From: An extension of the coevolution theory of the origin of the genetic code

Pathways

Phylogenetic distribution

Glu-tRNAGln->Gln-tRNAGln

Bacteria, Archaea and chloroplasts

Asp-tRNAAsn->Asn-tRNAAsn

Bacteria and Archaea

Ser-tRNASec->Sec-tRNASec

Bacteria, Archaea and Eucarya

Met-tRNAfMet->fMet-tRNAfMet

Bacteria and organelles

Ser-tRNACys->Cys-tRNACys

Archaea