Table 1 Summary of results from ribosomal phylogenetic analyses. Only studies that included sequences from at least one species of Porifera, Ctenophora, Placozoa, Cnidaria, and Bilateria were considered. Not all the studies included data from both major clades of poriferans, so a single "Po" entry in the result column does not necessarily indicate a monophyletic Porifera. Modeled after Table 1 of [99].

Wainright et al. [79]

1993

ML

(Po,(Ct,((Tr, Cn), Bi)))

Katayama et al. [80]

1995

DI

((((Po, Ct), Tr), Cn), Bi)

MP

((((Po, Ct), Tr), Cn), Bi)

ML

((Po,(Ct, Tr)),(Cn, Bi))

CnBi

Hanelt et al. [81]

1996

DI

((((Po, Ct), Tr), Cn), Bi)

Van de Peer & Wachter [82]

1997

DI

(((Po,(Po, Ct)),(Tr, Cn)), Bi)

Abouheif et al. [83]

1998

MP

(Po,(Ct,(Tr,(Cn, Bi))))

CnBi

Colins [84]

1998

MP

(Po,(Po, Ct,(Tr,(Cn, Bi)))

CnBi

ML

(Po,((Po, Ct),(Tr,(Cn, Bi))))

CnBi

Halanych [85]

1998

MP

(Po,(Tr,((Cn,(Ct, Cn)), Bi)));

MP

(Po,(Tr,(Ct, Cn, Bi))))

Lipscomb et al. [86]

1998

MP

(Po, Po, Ct,((Tr, Cn), Bi));

Littlewood et al. [87]

1998

DI

(Tr,((Po,(Po, Ct)),(Cn, Bi)))*

CnBi

Winnepenninckx et al. [88]

1998

DI

((Po,(Po, Ct)),(Cn,(Tr, Bi)))

TrBi

Zrzavý et al. [89]

1998

MP

((Po,(Po, Ct)),(Tr,(Cn,(Cn, Bi))))

CnBi

Kim et al. [90]

1999

DI

(Po,(Po,(Ct,(Tr,(Cn, Bi)))))

CnBi

ML

(Po,(Po,(Ct,(Tr,(Cn, Bi)))))

CnBi

Giribet et al. [91]

1999

MP

(Po,(Ct,(Cn,(Tr, Bi))))

TrBi

Siddall & Whiting [92]

1999

MP

((Po, Ct),(Cn,(Tr, Bi)))

TrBi

Peterson & Eernisse [93]

2001

MP

(Po,(Po, Ct,(Tr,(Cn, Bi))))

CnBi

Podar et al. [94]

2001

ML

(Po,(Ct,(Tr,(Cn, Bi))))

CnBi

Collins et al. [95]

2002

MP

(Po,(Po,(Ct,(Cn,(Tr, Bi)))))

TrBi

Jondelius et al. [96]

2002

ML

(Po,(Po,(Ct,(Cn,(Tr, Bi)))))

TrBi

Martinelli & Spring [97]

2003

ML

(Po,(((Ct, Tr), Cn), Bi))

Zrzavý & Hypša [98]

2003

MP

(Po,(Ct,((Tr, Cn), Bi)))

MP

(Po,(Ct,(Tr,(Cn, Bi))))

CnBi

MP

(Po,((Ct, Tr),(Cn, Bi)))

CnBi

Wallberg et al. [99]

2004

MP

(Po, Po,(Ct,(Cn,(Tr, Bi))))

TrBi