Evolution of the genetic code: partial optimization of a random code for robustness to translation error in a rugged fitness landscape

Table 1 Comparison of the standard code with random alternatives

Cost measure	ϕ	μ	σ	z-score	R
PRS	2.65	6.87	0.97	4.34	0.92
Optimized solution	2.11	6.85	0.98	4.83
Gilis matrix	4.01	4.68	0.12	5.67	0.60
Optimized solution	2.9	4.63	0.2	8.59

Note: The solutions of problem (3) compared with the cost measures (PRS and Gillis matrix) from which the constraints were inferred. ϕ is the error cost value of the standard code, μ is the mean of random code costs, σ is the standard deviation for the distribution of random code cost values, z-score is the distance from ϕ to μ in standard deviations: z = (μ - ϕ)/σ; R is the correlation coefficient between those entries of the cost function that are present in (3)

ISSN: 1745-6150