Skip to main content

Table 1 Distribution of replicative DNA polymerases and distinct DNA replication systems among cellular life forms and viruses

From: Temporal order of evolution of DNA replication systems inferred by comparison of cellular and viral DNA polymerases

 

RNA-primed DNA replication

Protein-primed DNA replication

RCR system of ss/dsDNA replication

 

bacterial-type//PolC

Bacterial/PolA

Archaeal-type (polB/D)

PolB

 
   

PolB

PolD

  

Cellular life forms

Bacteria

Mitochondria

Archaea

Euryarchaea

none

none

Viruses and other selfish elements

8 bacteriophages: -Saccharomonospora phage PIS 136 (AAL66178) – unclassified bacteriophage -Mycobacteriophage PBI1 (YP_655259) -Siphoviridae -Mycobacteriophage Plot (YP_655445) – Siphoviridae -Mycobacteriophage Catera (YP_656181) – Siphoviridae -Mycobacterium phage Bxz1 (NP_818250)- Myoviridae -Mycobacteriophage Barnyard (NP_818618) – Siphoviridae – Bacteriophage SPBc2 (NP_046685) – Siphoviridae Clostridium botulinum phage C-St (YP_398491) – unclassified Caudovirales

T-odd and related bacterio-phages (Podoviridae)

Bacteriophages: myoviridae (e.g., T-even phages); some bacteriophages of the family Siphoviridae; Eukaryotic viruses: NCLDVa, herpesviridae, baculoviridae, some eukaryotic linear plasmids

none

Tectivirdae (e.g., phage PRD1), many bacteriophages of the family Siphoviridae (e.g., φ29); adenoviridae; linear plasmids from fungal and plant mitochondria

Bacteriophages: microviridae (e.g., φX174). Eukaryotic viruses with small ssDNA genomes: parvoviridae, nanoviridae, circoviridae, geminiviridae, numerous bacterial and archaeal plasmids

  1. Viral taxonomy was the from the NCBI Taxonomy site [58] and is based on the 7th report of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses [59].
  2. aNCLDV, nucleo-cytoplasmic large DNA viruses (poxviridae, asfraviridae, ascoviridae, iridoviridae, phycodnaviridae, mimivirus) [33].