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Fig. 6 | Biology Direct

Fig. 6

From: Lactobacillus reuteri mitigates hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury by modulating gut microbiota and metabolism through the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling

Fig. 6

Palmitoylcarnitine alleviates hepatic I/R injury through the Nrf2/HO-1 axis. (A) Serum ALT, AST, and MPO activity levels were measured by biochemical kits. (B) The degree of hepatic tissue damage was observed by H&E staining, and Suzuki scores were obtained. Scale bar: 25 μm (400×). (C) The levels of apoptosis in hepatic tissue were assessed by TUNEL fluorescence staining. Scale bar: 25 μm (400×). (D) The expressions of Bcl2, Bax, and cleaved-Caspase3 were detected by western blot. (E) The levels of p-p65/p65, p-IκB/IκB, p-p38/p38, p-JNK/JNK, and p-ERK/ERK were detected by western blot. (F) IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-10 concentrations were assessed by ELISA. (G) The expressions of Nrf2 and HO-1 were detected by qRT-PCR. (H) The expressions of c-Nrf2, n-Nrf2, and HO-1 were detected by western blot. (I) SOD, MDA, GSH, and GPx levels were evaluated by biochemical kits. n = 10 mice/group. #P < 0.05 vs. Sham; *P < 0.05 vs. I/R; &P < 0.05 vs. palmitoylcarnitine

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