Fig. 3

Both cEVs and nEVs alleviated inflammatory infiltration into the heart after MI. (A) Representative H&E staining of myocardial sections at 28 days from MI mice treated with PBS, cEVs, or nEVs (scale bar = 100 μm, n = 6). (B) Representative immunofluorescence images of myocardial sections stained with anti-CD45 and anti-F4/80 antibodies at 3 days from MI mice treated with PBS, cEVs, or nEVs (scale bar = 50 μm, n = 5–6). (C) Statistical analysis of CD45⁺ inflammatory cells (cell counts per field) in the cardiac immunofluorescence images. (D) Statistical analysis of F4/80⁺ macrophages (cell counts per field) in the cardiac immunofluorescence images. E-H. Relative mRNA expressions of IL-1β (E), IL-6 (F), Arg1 (G), and IL-10 (H) in the hearts of MI mice treated with PBS, cEVs, or nEVs (n = 3). (*P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001, ns, not significant)