Fig. 4

Aripiprazole causes motor dysfunction and mitochondrial defects in adult flies. A Total activity of adult flies treated with DMSO (0.5% v/v) or aripiprazole (1 mM), measured for indicated periods using a Trikinetics system (n = number of flies per test group, asterisks, two-way ANOVA with the Tukey multiple comparison test). B Climbing performance of adult flies fed with DMSO (0.5% v/v) rotenone or aripiprazole (1 mM) for indicated periods. Total number of flies tested per group are indicated on the graph (mean ± SEM from 3 independent experiments, asterisks, two-tailed unpaired t-test). C Representative TEM images of brain and thoracic muscle from adult flies treated with DMSO (0.5%) or aripiprazole (1 mM) for 28 days or rotenone (1 mM) for 5 days (arrows, examples of the scoring criteria for the morphological assessment, m = mitochondria, my = myofibrils). D Quantification of mitochondrial damage. The total number of mitochondria scored in each sample group is indicated (samples pooled from 2 flies per treatment, chi-squared analysis with Bonferroni correction)